In a step further to combat the AIDS epidemic, South Africa's first Phase II HIV vaccine trials were launched by charitable group the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) and U.S.-based Targeted Genetics Corporation.
The trials will test the safety of "tgAAC09" is a preventive HIV vaccine candidate that is based on HIV subtype C, the subtype of the virus most prevalent in southern and eastern Africa, the two groups said in a joint statement on Monday.Sub-Saharan Africa is the region hardest hit by AIDS, with more than 25 million people estimated to be infected with HIV, the virus that leads to the disease.
South Africa has the highest caseload of HIV in the world, with about one in nine of its 45 million population carrying the virus, while in neighbouring Botswana and Swaziland prevalence is as high as 40 percent.
"We are pleased that South Africa has taken a leading role in the testing of vaccine candidates given the medical and humanitarian promise a preventative vaccine holds," said Eftyhia Vardas, a doctor at the country's Perinatal HIV Research Unit, who will coordinate the trials.
Investigators test the immune response and acquire more data on safety during second phase trials on drugs that have already been proven safe during first phase tests. tgAAC09 is designed to elicit two different types of immune responses, an antibody response and a cell mediated response. The vaccine consists of an artificially made copy of the HIV virus and cannot cause HIV infection or Aids," the IAVI said on Monday.
The vaccine candidate, developed by U.S.-based Targeted Genetics, will be tested on 78 healthy volunteers at three sites in South Africa. The trial is expected to last 18 months.
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The South African trial follows positive safety data received from "Phase I" tests conducted over the past two years in Belgium, Germany and India.
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