Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome - Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention
Childhood nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease marked by the increased levels of protein in urine. It can occur in children of any age, but it most commonly affects those aged 1 to 6 years.
Childhood nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease marked by the increased levels of protein in urine. It can occur in children of any age, but it most commonly affects those aged 1 to 6 years.
‘New research identified the genes that make Japanese infants susceptible to steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.’
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Also known as nephrosis, childhood nephrotic syndrome is an incurable disease with an unknown cause, characterized by large amounts of protein leaving the body in the patient's urine, and protein levels in the bloodstream becoming extremely low. The majority of patients develop steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome that responds to steroids and immune-suppressing drugs, and go into remission, but at least 20% of cases are resistant strains that recur repeatedly during adulthood. It is thought that people who are genetically predisposed develop the syndrome when exposed to an immunological stimulus such as infection. Researchers collected genetic DNA from 1,300 sufferers of childhood nephrotic syndrome in Japan. The study targeted 224 of the samples with childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and a control group of 419 healthy Japanese people, to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the Affymetrix Japonica Array. This enabled them to identify SNPs with a significant genome-wide association in the HLA-DR/DQ area of the short arm of human chromosome 6. They then identified the HLA haplotypes (gene groups) with the lowest and highest risks of developing the syndrome. They confirmed this result with a different cohort of 213 samples of infant steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and a control group of 710 healthy Japanese individuals.
The HLA haplotype showing the highest risk of development is HLA-DRB1*08:02-HLA-DQB1*03:02 (odds ratio: 3.60) and the HLA haplotype showing the lowest risk of development is HLA-DRB1*13:02-HLA-DQB1*06:04 (odds ratio: 0.10). This is the first time these haplotypes have been identified to such a high degree of precision.
Quiz on Kidney Stones
Kidney stones or calculus produces the most severe form of pain in humans. The pain has often been described to be worse than childbirth, broken bones, gunshot wounds, burns, or surgery. Once you form a kidney stone you are always susceptible to another stone. Take this quiz to find out how much do you know about stone disease. Once you complete find out how you fared compared to others who have taken the quiz.
Kidney stones or calculus produces the most severe form of pain in humans. The pain has often been described to be worse than childbirth, broken bones, gunshot wounds, burns, or surgery. Once you form a kidney stone you are always susceptible to another stone. Take this quiz to find out how much do you know about stone disease. Once you complete find out how you fared compared to others who have taken the quiz.
The research team is currently carrying out a genome-wide association study using the Japonica Array that targets 1,152 samples from infant nephrotic syndrome sufferers and a control group of 2,807 healthy Japanese individuals.
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Pyeloplasty of Kidney
Animation showing Pyeloplasty surgical operation to relieve obstruction of the pelvi-ureteric junction of the kidney.
Animation showing Pyeloplasty surgical operation to relieve obstruction of the pelvi-ureteric junction of the kidney.
Source-Eurekalert
Healthy Foods for People with Kidney Disease
For people with kidney disease, the choice of foods becomes limited. Here’s a list of healthy foods that promote kidney health.
For people with kidney disease, the choice of foods becomes limited. Here’s a list of healthy foods that promote kidney health.
