Risk Factors That Contribute to the Death of Preterm Infants Identified

by Sheela Philomena on  February 09, 2012 at 3:09 PM Child Health News
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African-American background, longer stay in ICU and poorer access to healthcare are associated with the death of low birth weight infants, reveals study published in The Journal of Pediatrics.

Lilia C. De Jesus, MD, from Wayne State University, and colleagues retrospectively examined 5364 preterm (<27 weeks' gestational age) infants with extremely low birth weights (<1000 g), born in 2000 through 2007 at Eunice Kennedy Shriver Neonatal Research Network sites. These infants were tracked from discharge from the NICU until 18-22 months corrected age.

Of the 4807 infants with whom the authors successfully followed-up, 107 infants died after discharge from the NICU (22.3 per 1000 extremely low birth weight infants). The odds of death after NICU discharge were doubled in African-American infants (compared with other racial groups), 3 times higher in infants who were in the NICU for ≥120 days, and 15 times higher if the maternal insurance status was unknown (compared with private insurance), which may indicate poorer access to healthcare. It is also noteworthy that maternal exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy decreased the risk of infant death.

The World Factbook ranks the United States' infant mortality as 48th worldwide (6.06 deaths per 1000 live births), which is higher than other developed countries. According to Dr. De Jesus, "Every effort should be made to identify and correct modifiable factors that may account for the increased risk of death after hospital discharge in these extremely premature infants." Dr. De Jesus continues, "We feel that information from our study can be used to develop interventions that may help health practitioners with the discharge and follow-up care of these high risk infants."

Source-Eurekalert

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