Using a novel scientific model,researchers have delved into an understanding of how poor air quality is in megacities and their impact on health of the residents as well as on the environment.
This is the conclusion of a report on the "urban metabolism" model of megacities presented at the 238th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society (ACS) recently.
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It views large cities as living entities that consume energy, food, water, and other raw materials, and release wastes.
The releases include carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas; air pollutants, sewage and other water pollutants; and even excess heat that collects in vast expanses of concrete pavement and stone buildings.
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Other urban metabolizers include sewage systems, landfills, domestic pets and pests like rats, which in some cities outnumber people.
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"Carbon dioxide and other pollutants in megacities make them immense drivers of climate change," said Kolb. "They impact climate on both a regional and global level because these long-lived greenhouse gases are dispersed around the world," he added.
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The number of megacities - metropolitan areas with populations exceeding 10 million - has grown from just three in 1975 to about 20 today.
Kolb said that the most highly polluted megacities are in developing countries.
They include Dhaka, Bangladesh; Cairo, Egypt; and Karachi, Pakistan. Some megacities in less developed regions have recently mounted air quality management campaigns that have resulted in lower levels of pollution; they include Mexico City, Mexico; Beijing, China; Sao Paulo, Brazil; and Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Even the cleanest megacities like Tokyo/Osaka in Japan and New York City and Los Angeles in the United States - all in the developed world - still have serious problems, according to Kolb.
Source-ANI
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