New Guidelines Issued On Tuberculosis Care In Europe

The European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) have jointly developed new guidelines for tuberculosis (TB) care in Europe.

The 21 patient-centred standards aim to guide clinicians and public health workers to ensure optimal diagnosis, treatment and prevention of tuberculosis (TB) in Europe – with nearly 74,000 reported TB cases in the EU/EEA in 2010 clearly showing that TB remains a public health challenge across the region.

Screening Tests for Tuberculosis
Tuberculin skin test and Interferon – Release Assays are tests used to screen for tuberculosis.

The new EU-specific guidelines were developed by a panel of 30 experts and aim to bridge current gaps in the case management of TB that were identified in a recent survey. In the process, the ERS has taken the lead in developing the clinically related standards and ECDC has developed the public health related standards. The European Union Standards for Tuberculosis Care (ESTC) are based on the same recommendations as the International Standards for TB Care (ISTC), but feature additional supplements and replacement information relevant for healthcare providers in the EU.

EU-specific recommendations from the new guidelines include:

• All people showing signs, symptoms, history or risk factors linked with TB should be examined for TB.
• All people diagnosed with TB should undergo drug susceptibility testing in a laboratory setting, to rule out drug-resistance and help combat the growing number of multidrug-resistant cases of TB (MDR-TB).
• Patients with, or highly likely to have, TB caused by drug-resistant organisms (especially MDR-TB) should be treated for at least 20 months, with the recommended intensive phase of treatment being 8 months.
• Clinicians should ensure that all newly admitted patients who are suspected of having infectious TB are subject to respiratory isolation until their diagnosis is confirmed or excluded following an appropriate infection control plan.

The Lungs
The lungs are our organs of respiration. It is within these, that exchange of gases takes place.

The guidelines also include an additional section on how policymakers and healthcare professionals can adopt and introduce the recommendations to a healthcare setting.

"Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB have taken a foothold in the EU: 4.6% of the TB patients were diagnosed with MDR-TB in 2010 and only 30% of the MDR TB patients notified in 2008 have been successfully treated and the proportion of XDR-TB patients increased from 8.2% to 13.2% from 2009 to 2010," warns ECDC Director Marc Sprenger. "We have to do better than that and actively prevent drug-resistant TB. To do this, the new EU Standards offer hands-on and easy-to-use advice tailored to the needs of the EU/EEA. It is every TB patient's right to receive the best of care and we have a responsibility towards EU/EEA citizens to prevent any more spread of TB, MDR-TB and XDR-TB."

Respiratory Diseases - Diseases of the Human Respiratory System
Respiratory diseases affect any part of the respiratory system. Some of the lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can lead to respiratory failure.

President-elect of the ERS, Professor Francesco Blasi, who is also an author of the new guidelines, said: "Across Europe, TB poses a serious threat to public health. With accurate prevention, diagnosis and treatment, we can diminish this threat. Standards for TB care in Europe are still below an acceptable level and recent surveys have highlighted gaps in the case management of TB. The new guidelines include key recommendations relevant to a European audience, which can help reduce the spread of TB and improve patient care."

The publication of the guidelines coincides with the start of a special review series in the European Respiratory Journal, looking at the current state of TB in Europe. The series begins today with an editorial and paper on the prevalence of inappropriate TB treatment regimens. Four more papers will follow in upcoming editions of the Journal.

World Tuberculosis Day 2012 - 'Stopping TB in My Lifetime'
World TB Day on March 24 has the theme ‘Stopping TB in my lifetime’ that aims to speed up TB diagnosis and treatment, reduce TB deaths and find an effective vaccine to prevent TB.

The ERS has also recently launched (early March) the European Forum for TB Innovation which aims to identify and highlight the gaps, challenges and needs in innovating and optimising European and global TB control.

Source-Eurekalert