Nepal Adopts Jab to Eradicate Polio

To eradicate polio, Nepal launched a drive by supplementing oral vaccines with an injection that experts say will boost children's immunity against the disease.

The impoverished Himalayan nation has experienced intermittent success with its oral vaccine-focused campaign, as new cases have turned up every few years, most recently in 2010, when the outbreak was blamed on cross-border transmissions from neighbouring India.

Mutated Virus Breaches Polio Vaccine Protection
A mutated virus that was able to resist the polio vaccine protection to a considerable extent was found in victims of an outbreak in the Congo in 2010, says study.

Since the oral vaccine contains a weakened form of the live polio virus that can cause infections, experts have called for it to be supplemented and eventually replaced with the injection, which is already used in dozens of developed countries.

The new rollout will target underdeveloped and developing countries, where the oral vaccine has long been the exclusive choice, being cheaper, easier and quicker to administer. Nepal is the first nation in South Asia to administer the jab.

"The last transmission of polio from one person to another in Nepal was almost five years ago," Nepalese Health Minister Khaga Raj Adhikari said at the launch.

Campaign Involving Muslim Clerics Has Increased Uptake of Polio Vaccination
In northern Nigeria, a coalition campaign involving imams, Islamic school teachers, traditional rulers, doctors, journalists, and polio survivors is gradually turning the tide against polio vaccine rejection.

"Today, we start to make sure that not one of our children will ever again have her future stolen or his dreams destroyed by this disease."

The polio virus spreads through faecal matter, attacks the central nervous system and can leave its young victims crippled, paralysed or dead.

Immunity can be Boosted by Combined Use of Polio Vaccines
Giving the Salk inactivated poliovirus vaccine to individuals who had already been given the Sabin live-attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine may improve their immunity.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended that all children receive at least one dose of the jab in countries that solely use oral vaccine, in order to increase immunity.

Bangladesh was one of 11 countries to be certified as polio-free by the WHO last March after going three years without reporting a new case.

Mutant Polio Virus Found to be Responsible for the 2010 Polio Outbreak in Congo
Researchers have found that a mutated form of the polio virus was responsible for the deadly outbreak of polio in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2010.

Today the polio virus is considered endemic in only three countries -- Afghanistan, Nigeria and Pakistan, where the vaccination campaign has been attacked by Islamists.

Source-AFP