Nanoparticle Kills Ocular Tumor Cells By Mimicking Enzyme Activity

A new nanoparticle shows potential to treat ocular cancer by interfering with the tumor cell metabolism.

Researchers at the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center have developed a new nanoparticle that uses a tumor cell's protective mechanism against itself -- short-circuiting tumor cell metabolism and killing tumor cells.

Novel Nanoparticle may Help Keep Tumor Growth at Bay
For the first time, researchers at Washington University showed that they can modulate pH in solid tumors using intentionally designed nanoparticles.

‘New nanoparticle mimics the NADPH oxidase enzyme activity to kill ocular cancer cells when illuminated with light.’

Tweet it Now

"Our work uses a semiconducting nanoparticle with an attached platinum electrode to drive the synthesis of an anti-cancer compound when illuminated by light. The nanoparticle mimics the behavior of NADPH oxidase, an enzyme used by immune cells to kill tumor cells and infectious agents. Since tumor cells typically use NADPH to protect themselves from toxins, the more NADPH they synthesize for protection, the faster they die," said Howard R. Petty, professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences and of microbiology and immunology.

In a four-year study conducted on the mouse model in advanced breast cancer metastasis in the eye's anterior chamber, Petty and colleagues found that the new nanoparticle not only killed tumor cells in the eye, but also extended the survival of experimental mice bearing 4T1 tumors, a cell line that is extremely difficult to kill.

"Previous monotherapies have not extended the lifetimes of mice bearing this type of tumor. Our work has shown that we can extend survival of the mice," Petty said.

Synthetic Nanoparticles That can Deliver Tumor Suppressors to Damaged Livers
UT Southwestern Medical Center chemists have successfully used synthetic nanoparticles to deliver tumor-suppressing therapies to diseased livers with cancer.

The findings of the Kellogg team are detailed in a new paper published in Nanotechnology. Joining Petty as co-authors of the paper are research associate Andrea J. Clark, and undergraduates Emma L. Coury and Alexandra M. Meilhac.

"This treatment offers many advantages. The nanoparticle produces about 20 million toxins per hour in each cell. Also, the nanoparticle is activated by light, so it can be turned on and off simply by exposing it to the correct color of visible light," Petty said.

Targeted Drug Delivery Using Nanoparticles Could Help Fight Tumors, Local Infections
Researchers in Quebec have developed nanoparticles that only release a drug when exposed to near-infrared light, which doctors could beam onto a specific site.

This nanotechnology also has the potential to be used for multiple applications in ophthalmology and other disciplines.

Source-Eurekalert

Light-Activated Nanoparticles Prove Effective Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
In the ever-escalating evolutionary battle with drug-resistant bacteria, humans may soon have a leg up thanks to adaptive, light-activated nanotherapy.