Immigrant Mums at Higher Risk of Producing Birth Defects Babies: Study

Immigrant mothers are less likely to take folic acid supplements before pregnancy to prevent birth defects, a new study has found.

The study, led by a St. Michael's Hospital physician in collaboration with Statistics Canada, Health Canada and the University of Toronto, is important because such women may be at higher risk of having babies with birth defects.

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This study is the first to provide national estimates of pre-pregnancy folic acid use in Canada.

"Our study's findings report that while about six in 10 Canadian-born mothers take folic-acid supplements in the three-month period before conception, mothers from non-western countries - China, Northern African, Middle Eastern, Caribbean, Latin American or South Pacific countries - are less likely to use the supplements," St. Michael's Hospital's Dr. Joel Ray said.

"This information is important for policy makers and health practitioners as we aim to better educate new mothers and prevent neural tube defects in their babies," Ray added.

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Neural tube defects are birth defects of the spinal cord and brain, otherwise known as spina bifida and anencephaly.

Research has shown that the risk of neural tube defects can be reduced by nearly 50 per cent with folic acid supplements taken just before and soon after conception, or through consumption of food fortified with folic acid.

The study, an analysis of 6,349 new mothers aged 18 to 45 years, examined the relationship between folic acid supplement use in the three months before conception and the mother's maternal country of birth and years of residence in Canada.

Sixty one per cent of Canadian-born women in the study reported using folic acid supplements in the three-month period before conception.

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However, these rates were much lower among women born in the Caribbean or Latin America (41 percent), Sub-Sahara Africa (44 percent), Northern Africa or the Middle East (31 percent), or South Asia (46 percent).

What's more, only 39 percent of foreign-born women living in Canada less than four years reported using supplements compared to 64 percent of foreign-born women living in Canada at least 17 years.

"The disparity in pre-conceptual folic acid supplement use may be due to unplanned/unintended pregnancies or lack of awareness of the benefits of folic acid supplements," Ray said.

"Immigrant women, especially those from non-Western countries, are least likely to have this information, which can otherwise be easily provided to these women through various communication mediums," Ray added.

The researchers suggest that immigrant women should be provided with a language-specific pamphlet on the benefits of folic acid, or even with free supplements.

Source-ANI
SRM