Human Germ Cell Development Model Created to Study Beginning of Life

A lab-based human germ cell development model has been created by researchers from Kyoto University, to understand how life began. The model reveals how “germ cells” pass genetic traits from one generation to the next.

Though in early stages, the team's model is hoped to form a foundation for continuing studies on germ cell lineage.

Researches Aimed at Germ Cell Development Should Follow Certain Standards
A team of reproductive biologists have declared that research aimed at developing germ cells—the progenitors of eggs and sperm—in vitro should be held to especially rigorous scientific standards

"By further reconstituting human germ cell development in vitro, we may be able to discover the mechanisms throughout the entire developmental process from embryo to adult," said lead researcher professor Mitinori Saitou.

The underlying mechanisms of early germ cell development in humans have remained unclear because of a lack of robust experimental methods as well as inherent difficulties with studying human embryos.

In a promising breakthrough, published in the journal Cell Stem Cell, the research team recreated human germ cell development in the laboratory, revealing specific key elements and events that occur at the beginning of human life.

Protein Helps Developing Germ Cells Clean Genetic Imprints
A new study says that a protein called Tet1 is partly responsible for giving primordial germ cells a clean epigenetic slate before developing into sperm and egg cells.

To date, most such research has been restricted to mice.

While this work provides useful information that is generally applicable to mammals, there has still been a lack of information specific to humans.

PiRNA Molecules Protects Germ Cells from Damage
A mark of evolutionary success is shown by passing one's genes on to the next generation.

To that end, the team recreated the developmental process of human germ cells which gives rise to reproductive sperm and eggs.

The scientists gained insight into how epigenetic marks - traits that are inherited without changes to the DNA sequence - are "erased" at the beginning of germ cell development.

Fox13 Gene - the 'Genetic Switch' Determines Whether Germ Cells Become Sperm Or Eggs
The gene in Japanese rice fish, expressed in the germ cells, provides a molecular cue that prevents the start of sperm formation.

"We demonstrated the early events in human germ cell development. Our work should provide a basis to gain a better understanding of how certain disorders such as infertility and growth impairment come about," Sasaki explained.

Source-IANS