Acute ischemic stroke occurs due to a block in the artery supplying to an area of
the brain affected by stroke. Treatment of acute ischemic stroke involves
breaking down of the clot with drugs like intravenous (IV) alteplase. However,
14-34% alteplase-treated patients
experience re-occlusion - that is, the blood vessel gets blocked again with a
clot - which is linked to clinical worsening of the patient's condition.
Previous studies in acute heart attack patients, suggest that prompt
antiplatelet therapy post-alteplase treatment may reduce the risk of
re-occlusion and improve outcome.
The current study
published in the Lancet compared the treatment differences between alteplase
therapy with or without 300mg intravenous aspirin.
Acute ischemic stroke
patients (642) were enrolled across 37 Netherlands centers. While 320 patients
received alteplase treatment alone, 322 patients
received 300mg IV aspirin within 90 min post-alteplase treatment. All
patients were started on oral antiplatelet treatment 24 hours following
treatment with alteplase. The primary endpoint was a positive outcome of
treatment after 3 months. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH), that is bleeding
within the skull and other serious adverse events (SAEs) were recorded as well.
Results show that
after 3 months, a favorable outcome was observed in 174 (54%) and 183 (57·2%)
patients from the aspirin group and alteplase-only treatment group,
respectively. Mortality (11·2% vs. 9·7%), SICH (4.3% vs. 1.6%) and other SAEs
occurred more frequently in the aspirin group than in the alteplase-only
treatment group.
Thus, early
administration of IV aspirin in alteplase-treated acute ischemic stroke
patients does not improve the outcome after 3 months and increases the risk of
serious complications. This treatment is therefore not currently
recommended.
Reference: Early administration of
aspirin in patients treated with alteplase for acute ischemic stroke: a
randomized controlled trial; Sanne Zinstok et al; The Lancet Online Publication
2012
Source-Medindia