Highlights:
The positive and negative impact of soy consumption on a common breast
cancer treatment has been revealed using animal models by a research team at
the Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center.
The scientists have found the biological pathways in a rat model by
which regular consumption of soy improves the effectiveness of tamoxifen and reduces breast cancer
recurrence. The team also showed the negative impact of eating soy-based foods
for the first time while being treated with tamoxifen, which reduce the
effectiveness of the drug and promote recurrence. - The beneficial and harmful effects of soy consumption in breast cancer patients have been a longstanding debate.
- The timing of soy’s introduction into a patient's diet can have a positive or negative impact during breast cancer treatment, finds a new study.
- Regular consumption of soy helps build up the immunity against breast cancer and reduce the recurrence.
Health Benefits of Soy Bean
Soyabean is the richest plant source of protein containing 43 percent protein. Soy protein is also of the highest quality amongst all legumes.
Soyabean is the richest plant source of protein containing 43 percent protein. Soy protein is also of the highest quality amongst all legumes.
‘Breast cancer patients who start eating soy after the diagnosis may be at higher risk of cancer recurrence following tamoxifen treatment.’
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How Soy Consumption Affect Breast Cancer Treatment
The research team uncovered how the active compounds in soy – isoflavone and genistein - can affect tamoxifen both positively and negatively."The study also mirrors what has been observed in breast cancer patients," said the study's senior investigator Leena Hilakivi-Clarke, Ph.D., professor of oncology at Georgetown Lombardi.
"There has long been a paradox concerning genistein, which has the similar structure as estrogen and activates both human estrogen receptors to a degree. Estrogen drives most breast cancer growth, yet high soy intake among women in Asian countries has been linked to a breast cancer rate that is five times lower than Western women, who eat much less soy," said Hilakivi-Clarke.
Soya Products May Damage Sperm Production in Men
Men who eat lots of soya and foods containing soya such as tofu, tempeh, miso may be reducing their chances of becoming a father.
Men who eat lots of soya and foods containing soya such as tofu, tempeh, miso may be reducing their chances of becoming a father.
About 1.67 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer worldwide. More than 70 percent of the breast cancer cases were estrogen-receptor positive. Tamoxifen and other endocrine therapies are the common drugs used for estrogen-receptor positive breast cancers to reduce the ability of estrogen to promote cancer growth. Endocrine therapies are effective in treating breast cancer. However, about half of the breast cancer patients on endocrine therapies exhibit resistance or have cancer recurrence.
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Eating Soy Products May not Reduce Menopause Symptoms
A recent study has proved that soy-based foods or fiber are unlikely to reduce menopause symptoms in women.
A recent study has proved that soy-based foods or fiber are unlikely to reduce menopause symptoms in women.
Timing of Soy’s Introduction is the Key
The research team used a more advanced rat model of breast cancer and tamoxifen and found that the timing of genistein intake is the critical issue.Consumption of soy-based diet prior to breast cancer development can improve immunity against cancer and reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence.
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Women Can Avoid BPA Associated Reproductive Problems with a Soy Rich Diet
Regularly consuming a soy-rich diet may protect women against an endocrine-disrupting chemical found in a variety of food containers called bisphenol A.
Regularly consuming a soy-rich diet may protect women against an endocrine-disrupting chemical found in a variety of food containers called bisphenol A.
"It also inhibits a mechanism called autophagy that would allow cancer cells to survive, which explains why it helps tamoxifen work," added Zhang.
Previously conducted studies have shown no evidence of adverse effects of soy intake on breast cancer outcome. The research team said that Asian and Caucasian women who consumed one-third cup of soymilk daily (10mg of isoflavones) had the lowest risk of breast cancer recurrence.
In the animal model, the research team found that consumption of soy after the diagnosis of breast cancer did not trigger the immune response.
"We do not know yet why this made the animals resistant to the beneficial effects of tamoxifen and increased risk of cancer recurrence," said Zhang.
Animals consuming soy had a 7 percent chance of breast cancer recurrence after tamoxifen treatment, compared with a 33 percent recurrence when exposed to soy only after breast cancer developed.
"We have solved the puzzle of soy and breast cancer in our rat model, which perfectly explains the paradox seen in earlier animal studies and patients," said Hilakivi-Clarke.
"While many oncologists advise their patients not to take isoflavone supplements or consume soy foods, our findings suggest a more nuanced message -- if these results hold true for women. Our results suggest that breast cancer patients should continue consuming soy foods after diagnosis, but not to start them if they have not consumed genistein previously."
Reference:
- Xiyuan Zhang, Katherine L. Cook, Anni Warri, Idalia M. Cruz, Mariana Rosim, Jeffrey Riskin, William Helferich, Daniel Doerge, Robert Clarke, Leena Hilakivi-Clarke. Lifetime Genistein Intake Increases the Response of Mammary Tumors to Tamoxifen in Rats. Clinical Cancer Research, 2017; 23 (3): 814 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1735
