Water Births: An Aquatic Approach to Birth

Intriguing or unnatural? Maybe a bit of both! Having evolved into terrestrial beings, most of us would think that under water birthing is fine for aquatic mammals like dolphins and whales; for us though the choice, naturally, would be land. But you’d be surprised to know that water births have been in vogue since the 60s. Considered a ‘gentle birthing’ technique, underwater birthing peaked in the 80’s and continues to remain immensely popular. Interestingly, latest reports in the field include birthing in the presence of dolphins, which are reported to have a therapeutic effect!

In the light of more women now choosing alternative ways of birthing rather than going to hospitals, water birthing definitely rates as one of the top choices. That is why perhaps most hospitals in the U.K. cite water birth as an option for healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies! Though statistics show that other hospitals too across the world now offer this birthing technique, water birthing largely remains a midwives forte.

The Process

In a water birth, a baby is born in a tub of warm water. The temperature of water is maintained between 34 –37 degree Celsius or one that suits the mother-to-be. The depth of water should be such that when the mother kneels and rests on her heels, the water covers her belly completely and its surface rests just under her breasts.

Many expectant mothers, sitting in the tub perceive a sense of pain relief during labor. Understandably, many prefer to have the entire process of delivery under water while others choose to come out of it after the first stage of labor.

Studies indicate that such an immersion in water, especially during the first stage, does actually decrease maternal pain considerably; it also reduces the use of epidural and spinal analgesics. Also, findings show that there are no adverse effects whatsoever on the duration of labor or on the well being of the child at this stage.

During the second stage of labor, women reportedly found pushing under water easier. However, more trials are needed to assess the effects during the third stage of labor or delivery, under water.

Bone of Contention

Water birth continues to remain a bone of contention caught between supporters and skeptics. While supporters argue that water birth is the best way for mother and child, skeptics counter argue that it exposes mother and child to risks. Staying on neutral ground, lets’ explore the ‘for and against’ arguments on this much debated procedure.

Arguments For:

• Being in water is a soothing experience in itself and the mother is soon lulled into a relaxed state. With alleviation of stress, endorphins or pain inhibitors are released in her body. So, the mother experiences lesser pain as she goes into labor. Furthermore, with the muscles now relaxed, tissues around the vagina become more elastic allowing for easier birthing. Perineal (tissues close to the vagina) tearing is less, thus reducing the chances for episiotomy (a surgical procedure that widens the birth canal to facilitate birth) again- lesser agony for the mother!