Cholera Epidemic in Somalia may Spread: UN

Cholera epidemic in Somalia could quickly spread as thousands flee famine in the south, warns UN.

"The concern here is the root cases of cholera, and that is related to water and sanitation. And with the IDPs and population movement, this increases the risk of further spread of the disease, and that is our fear," Michel Yao, a public health advisor at the UN health agency, told reporters.

About Cholera
Cholera is an infection of the small intestine and is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.

"With cholera, everyone is at risk, but the conditions are perfect for transmission now in Mogadishu," World Health Organisation spokesman Tarik Jasarevic added.

According to WHO figures, around 4,272 cases of acute watery diarrhoea were reported in one Mogadishu hospital since the beginning of the year, with 181 related deaths, "some two to three times" what was observed a year ago.

Half of the victims were children under two, it said.

About Water Borne Diseases
Waterborne diseases are communicable diseases caused by diseases causing microorganisms in contaminated water. It is more prevalent during floods and in tsunami affected areas.

Children are particularly vulnerable, the UN's children agency said.

"The massive influx of people into Mogadishu and the rising number of cases of acute watery diarrhea in crowded urban areas places malnourished children at grave threat from cholera, which is a deadly and contagious disease," UNICEF spokeswoman Marixie Mercado said.

Diarrhoea Outbreak Kills 72 in Somalia
At least 72 people, mostly children, have died in an outbreak of acute watery diarrhoea in southern Somalia this month, local officials said Tuesday.

"Right now you have around half a million children at imminent risk of death if they do not get (food) help within weeks.

"But beyond being a malnutrition crisis, it is also a crisis for child survival generally because children who are acutely malnourished are that much more susceptible to cholera ... all in the context of massive displacement and poor water and sanitation," Mercado said.

River Flow Associated With Cholera Outbreaks
The increased nutrient-rich and powerful river discharge contributes to outbreaks of cholera and not just global warming, shows study.

The United Nations also warned that lack of funding was starting to limit the delivery of humanitarian aid.

Elisabeth Byrs, spokeswoman for the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, said that around half of the 4.56 million people who have been targeted for food assistance in Ethiopia would get reduced rations due to lack of funds.

"We are ringing the alarm, we need this funding," said Byrs.

"Because of the lack of funding, and the difficulty of distributing, these rations will be incomplete," said the spokeswoman, adding that some $18 million would be required to cover the shortfall.

According to the most recent UN figures, only 48 percent of the requested $2.4 billion for humanitarian assistance to some 12.4 million people in the famine-stricken Horn of Africa has been received.

"Money needs to come," Byrs said.

Source-AFP