Gaza's Hamas-run government clarified on Sunday that it was women who were banned from smoking water pipes in public, as police action was a threat to completely eliminate this popular culture.
"The police have decided to ban women from smoking water pipes in open, public places because it is against our customs, traditions and social norms," interior ministry spokesman Ihab al-Ghussein told AFP.
The smoking of water pipes loaded with sweetened tobacco, also known as nargileh or shisha, is popular in cafes across the Arab world and was one of the few remaining leisure activities left in the isolated coastal strip.
The owners of several large cafes along Gaza's beachfront said that in recent days they were ordered to stop serving the water pipes altogether, before police clarified that the ban only applied to women and minors.
"We received orders from the police to stop serving shisha without any further details," said Abu Ahmad, the owner of one such cafe who asked not to be identified, adding that he is not currently serving shisha to anyone.
"We are in favour of a shisha ban for children and young people, but women should be able to smoke inside a tent," he said, referring to the semi-private areas of the outdoor cafes usually reserved for families.
Nashat al-Hamarna, the owner of a popular beach club north of Gaza, said he continued serving shisha to men but distributed notices with his menus saying, "Because of a government decision it is forbidden to serve shisha to women."