What is Augmented Reality ?

Imagine, just as you set eyes on a skyscraper for the first time in a foreign city, you hear a voice directing you to a state-of-the-art bar on the top floor.

Or this: You have been spotted on the street by an old friend whose name suddenly eludes you. But even before there is time to shake hands, a glance at your smartphone reveals her identity and the date of your last encounter.

Welcome to the world of augmented reality, the here-and-now enhancement of everyday experience through virtual, interactive technology.

Prototypes of both of these applications -- based on the novel use of eye-tracking tools -- were presented last weekend at the inaugural Augmented Human International Conference.

Over two days, engineers and scientists gathered in the French Alps ski resort of Megeve unveiled cutting-edge research on boosting human perception with information from the Internet, customised databases, or even biofeedback from our own brains.

The first devices for monitoring eye movement collected data from pilots in the 1940s to help improve cockpit design.

They have also been used to figure out the most effective ways to get people to see advertising.

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More recently the systems have became interactive, making it possible to instantly provide computer-enhanced feedback to someone about what he or she is gazing at.

These newer technologies has been used mainly by the military, and to develop life-assistance tools for the severely disabled.

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But a team of researchers from the Telecommunications Research Center in Vienna decided to take a state-of-the-art eye tracker designed for web-use analysis out of the laboratory and onto the street.

They hooked up the device -- with one camera trained on the user's eye, and another on the scene being observed -- to a smart phone with a built-in compass and global positioning system (GPS), to get a fix on the user's orientation and location.

They added sensors that show whether one was looking up or down, and attached the whole kit -- designed to navigate urban landscapes -- to a bicycle helmet.

Closing one's eyes for two seconds triggers a request for information about the building, bridge or monument in view.

A remotely-accessed computer scans geo-referenced databases on the Internet such as Google Earth, and then forwards the result back to the user's cell phone, closing the loop.

"We wanted to make the system as non-intrusive as possible, so we used a text-to-speech engine. Data is received through an ear piece," explained Matthias Baldauf, one of the researchers. "It should be like a sixth sense."

A representative from a major international oil company, asking that he not be identified, said the application could be useful for security training or work on oil platforms.

"We consider this to be a transformative technology," he said.

Another "proof-of-concept" invention presented in Megeve -- functional, but a long way from commercial development -- adapted eye-tracking technology as an a memory aide.

Rather than training a camera on the eye, the "Aided Eye" system developed by a team from the University of Tokyo uses tiny infra-red sensors.

While less accurate, additional data about eye movement and the frequence of blinking make it possible to pinpoint a face or a book cover within a field of vision.

And rather than matching the object to content on the Internet, the program devised by the scientists draws from a hand-tailored database of images and files, sometimes called a personal lifelog.

"For the experiment, we registered 100 images for the database," explained Yoshio Ishiguro from the Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies.

"When the eye trained on an object, it was recognized by the computer and a corresponding file was extracted," he said.

The system is light enough to be mounted onto a pair of reading glasses, but researchers have still not figured out how to provide the wearer feedback.

A tiny screen embedded inside the glasses or an audio system are both options, Ishiguro said.





Source-AFP
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