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Uncertainty About Future Mars Eastern European Women to Go for Babies
In 2006, the majority of the European Union's 10 ex-communist states saw a total fertility rate of just 1.3 -- referring to the hypothetical number of children per woman of childbearing age.
Prior to the demise of communism, states in the region enjoyed a fertility rate close or equal to 2.1, required to stabilise the population of a country without immigration.
The plunge in births was caused above all by the brutal transition from the command to the market economy after the collapse of the communist bloc in 1989-1991.
"At the beginning of the 1990s it was (a period of) economic hardship, low income and a rapidly changing environment," Lithuanian demographer Vlada Stankuniene told AFP.
Overnight, citizens had to learn to fend for themselves. The lack of freedom in communist times had been compensated by various forms of state aid.
"The state took care of everything -- housing, employment, education, social services," Stankuniene said.
Institutions like day-care centres were often the first victims of radical cuts in the role of the state. The Czech Republic saw a 94-percent drop in the number of such facilities over 15 years, according to the Association of Czech Women.
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