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Study Says Women Experience Chronic Pain More Often Than Men
"Chronic pain affects a higher proportion of women than men around the world," said Jennifer Kelly of the Atlanta Center for Behavioral Medicine.
"We need to encourage women to take a more active role in their treatment and reduce the stigma and embarrassment of this problem."
Kelly said the latest research offers interesting insights into how physicians and mental health providers can better treat women with chronic pain.
Chronic pain conditions that are more prevalent in women than in men include fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and migraines, said Kelly.
Hormones may be to blame for these differences, said Kelly, who added that estrogen clearly plays a role in conditions such as migraines. Rates of other painful conditions increase for girls as they pass through puberty whereas rates for adolescent boys are stable or rise less steeply.
"Pain perception does vary according to the menstrual cycle phases in women with chronic pain," said Kelly.
"For example, temporomandibular [jaw] pain, or TMJ, is highest in the pre-menstrual period and during menses."
As for treating pain, studies have shown men and women experience different side effects of analgesic medications.
"Genetic and hormonal differences may be the main reason for any differences, but it's becoming increasingly clear that social and psychological factors are also important," said Kelly.
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