Taking a revolutionary step towards modern communication technologies, a doctoral student posted a status update on the social networking Web site Twitter - only by thinking about it.
Adam Wilson's message-"using EEG to send tweet"- just 23 characters long, demonstrated a natural, manageable way in which "locked-in" patients can couple brain-computer interface technologies with modern communication tools.
Wilson, from University of Wisconsin-Madison biomedical engineering doctoral student, is among a growing group of researchers worldwide who aim to perfect a communication system for users whose bodies do not work, but whose brains function normally.
Such people include those having amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), brain-stem stroke or high spinal cord injury.
There are brain-computer interface systems that employ an electrode-studded cap wired to a computer, in which the electrodes detect electrical signals in the brain - essentially, thoughts - and translate them into physical actions, such as a cursor motion on a computer screen.
"We started thinking that moving a cursor on a screen is a good scientific exercise. But when we talk to people who have locked-in syndrome or a spinal-cord injury, their No. 1 concern is communication," said Justin Williams, a UW-Madison assistant professor of biomedical engineering and Wilson's adviser.