Despite past assurances by health bodies that indoor DDT usage is safe, a review of recent studies on the link between DDT and human health has determined that the current practice of spraying the pesticide inside homes to fight malaria is leading to unprecedented and insufficiently monitored levels of exposure to it.
The review was done by a panel of experts and citizens.
After a review of nearly 500 epidemiological studies, the researchers developed a consensus statement calling for increased efforts to reduce exposure to DDT, to understand the health effects of exposure to DDT, and to develop alternatives to using DDT so that other methods could ultimately be relied upon for malaria control.
Examples of non-chemical measures to control malaria include the use of bed nets, draining sources of standing water or filling them up with soil, and the rapid diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases.
"We have to put our concerns in the context of people dying of malaria," said lead author Brenda Eskenazi, UC Berkeley professor of epidemiology and of maternal and child health at the School of Public Health.
"We know DDT can save lives by repelling and killing disease-spreading mosquitoes. But, evidence suggests that people living in areas where DDT is used are exposed to very high levels of the pesticide," she added.
According to Eskenazi, the only published studies on health effects conducted in these populations have shown profound effects on male fertility.