A new study suggests that children's temperament may be due in part to a combination of a certain gene and a specific pattern of brain activity.
So people finding it difficult to soothe their babies need not worry about their parenting skills anymore.
Writing about their findings in the journal Psychological Science, McMaster University researcher Louis Schmidt points out that the pattern of brain activity in the frontal cortex of the brain has been associated with various types of temperament in children.
He highlights the fact that infants who have more activity in the left frontal cortex are characterized as temperamentally "easy" and are easily calmed down, while those with greater activity in the right half of the frontal cortex are temperamentally "negative" and are easily distressed and more difficult to soothe.
In the current study, he and his colleagues focused on the interaction between brain activity and the DRD4 gene to see whether it predicted children's temperament.
According to background information in the Psychological Science article, previous studies have linked the longer version of this gene to increased sensory responsiveness, risk-seeking behavior, and attention problems in children.
In the present study, brain activity was measured in 9-month-old infants through electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. When the children were 48 months old, their mothers completed questionnaires regarding their behavior and DNA samples were taken from the children for analysis of the DRD4 gene.