A study of hospital infection outbreaks in a transplant ward in Canada reveals that shallow basins placed high and gooseneck spouts were responsible for those episodes.
In such a design, aimed at making water flowing directly into the drain below, ironically, pressure from the spout splashed water out of the drain, spraying nearby surfaces.
Now the bug behind the infection outbreak was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The germ thrives in drains and forms bio-films or, more simply, slime and sludge.
So ultimately as a result of splashing, the Pseudomona could have landed on the counter top and maybe even on the bed too.
Pseudomonas bacteria are everywhere. In fact, the bug would probably be found in most household drains if anyone bothered to check. But no one would. The bacteria pose no threat to healthy people.
But it's a different story for patients who have just received an organ transplant. These patients are on drugs that suppress their immune systems so their body doesn't reject the donor organ, and their systems are already weakened by whatever caused the need for the transplant.
In these and other seriously ill hospitalized patients, Pseudomonas can trigger skin, wound or bloodstream infections or pneumonia. And if the bacteria become resistant to antibiotics - as bacteria in hospitals are wont to do - the infections they cause can be challenging to treat.
The Canadian outbreaks had occurred between December 2004 and March 2006 at Toronto General Hospital.