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Scientists Identify Gene Mutations Behind Kidney Diseases Among African-Americans
The discovery results from studies conducted by researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and by NIH-funded investigators at the Johns Hopkins University.
"These two breakthrough genomic studies on kidney disease illustrate the importance of collaborations between scientists at NIH and NIH-funded investigators at Johns Hopkins. This type of government-academic collaboration moves translational research forward and provides the knowledge base for developing new therapies for these chronic health disorders," Nature magazine quoted NIH Director Dr. Elias A. Zerhouni as saying.
During the study, the group studied nondiabetic kidney diseases that can lead to chronic kidney disease and, in severe cases, to kidney failure requiring long-term dialysis or a kidney transplant.
With the aid of a type of genome association, which relies on differences in the frequency of gene variants between populations, the researchers were able to identify several variations in the MYH9 gene as major contributors to excess risk of kidney disease among African-Americans.
When the NIH researchers told the Johns Hopkins scientists about their discovery, the latter group replicated the findings in participants from earlier studies of kidney disease.
Both research teams found statistically significant associations of MYH9 variants with FSGS, HIV-associated FSGS, and all nondiabetic kidney failure.
The researchers also observed that such variants were much more frequent among people of African ancestry than among whites.
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