Despite recent international objections, researchers have argued in a recent article in the journal PLoS Medicine Editorial, access to clean water should be recognized as a human right.
At the March 2009 United Nations (UN) meetings, coinciding with the World Water Forum, Canada, Russia, and the United States refused to support a declaration that would recognize water as a basic human right.
But, this flies in the face of considerable evidence that access to water, which is essential for health, is under threat.
The UN has estimated that 2.8 billion people in 48 countries will be living in conditions of water stress or scarcity by 2025.
Three reasons are outlined for why access to clean water should be declared a basic human right.
Firstly, access to clean water can substantially reduce the global burden disease caused by water-borne infections.
Millions of people are affected each year by a range of water-borne diseases including diarrhea, which is responsible for 1.8 million potentially preventable deaths per year, mostly among children under the age of five.
Secondly, the privatization of water, as witnessed in Bolivia, Ghana and other countries, has not effectively served the poor, who suffer the most from lack of access to clean water.