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Protein Stability in Naked Mole Rats Could Provide Vital Clues in the Fight Against Aging
"Protein stability and resistance to oxidative stress are determinants of longevity in the longest-living rodent, say a group of US scientists in a paper published recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"When we compare the lab mouse with the naked mole rat, we find a striking difference in their systems," said study co-author Asish Chaudhuri, a University of Texas Health Science Center biochemist. "Their proteins are still working. Even when damaged, the functions are maintained."
Mitochondria are compartments within a cell that are dedicated to energy production, and their loss is thought to be a major cause of aging.When they fail, less and less energy is generated within the cell. Cell injury and even cell death follow. If this process is repeated throughout the body, whole systems begin to fail, and the life of the person in whom this is happening is severely compromised. The disease primarily affects children, but adult onset is becoming more and more common.
Diseases of the mitochondria appear to cause the most damage to cells of the brain, heart, liver, skeletal muscles, kidney and the endocrine and respiratory systems.
Anti-aging drugs work by stimulating enzymes that regulate the function of mitochondria.
Chaudhuri's team's findings don't contradict the role of mitochondria, but expand the theory to include cellular proteins other than DNA. They also explain a condundrum: some long-lived species display plenty of oxidative damage.
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