University of Michigan scientists have developed modern tissue engineering system that could improve the function of prosthetic hands and possibly restore the sense of touch for injured patients.
The research project started because there was a need for better prosthetic devices for troops wounded in Afghanistan and Iraq.
"Most of these individuals are typically using a prosthesis design that was developed decades ago. This effort is to make a prosthesis that moves like a normal hand," said Dr. Paul S. Cederna, a plastic and reconstructive surgeon at U-M Health System.
The researchers may help overcome some of the shortcomings of existing robotic prosthetics, which have limited motor control, provide no sensory feedback and can be uncomfortable and cumbersome to wear.
"There is a huge need for a better nerve interface to control the upper extremity prostheses," says Cederna.
When a hand is amputated, the nerve endings in the arm continue to sprout branches, growing a mass of nerve fibres that send flawed signals back to the brain.
The researchers created what they called an "artificial neuromuscular junction" composed of muscle cells and a nano-sized polymer placed on a biological scaffold.