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Prostate Cancer Cells Show Tendency to Spread With Specific Gene Function Loss
Certain prostate cancer cells can be held in check by the DAB2IP gene. The gene's product, the DABIP protein, acts as scaffolding that prevents many other proteins involved in the progression of prostate cancer cells from over-activation.
However, when those cells lose the DAB2IP protein, they break free and are able to metastasize, or spread, drastically increasing the risk of cancer progression in other organs as the cells travel through the bloodstream or lymph system.
The study in mice found that eliminating the DAB2IP scaffolding in human carcinoma cells caused them to change from epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells - a hallmark of metastatic cancer.
"Cells undergoing an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) experience biological changes that enable them to move freely and spontaneously throughout the body," said Dr. Jer-Tsong Hsieh, from UT Southwestern Medical Center and the study's senior author.
"By restoring DAB2IP function in cancer cells in mice, we reversed their ability to change and metastasise," Hsieh added.
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