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Potential for Early Diagnosis of Degenerative Brain Disorders
The research, published in The journal of Comparative Neurology, reveals that Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) can distinguish between different disorders in patients, allowing earlier diagnosis.
The diagnosis of neurological degenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease remains a difficult clinical task and while tests such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can reveal loss of brain tissue, until now no diagnostic testing methods could help distinguish between Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, or Parkinson's disease reliably.
"We discovered that MRS can reliably identify brain pathology in Huntington disease model mice by measuring 17 different brain metabolites at the same time," said project leader Dr. Jason B. Nikas from the University of Minnesota. "This technology, if expanded to humans and applied to a range of neurological disorders, could potentially provide diagnostic information to distinguish different causes of dementia and other forms of neurological illness, rapidly and non-invasively, with current generation MR scanners."
MRI and MRS both work by applying a magnetic field to a biological tissue, and then perturbing it with a radio-frequency (RF) signal, certain types of atoms in the tissue will give a response that can be detected externally.
MRI is based upon the response of hydrogen atoms in water molecules in the tissue, however MRS can quantify the amounts of complex biological molecules in tissue.
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