Pneumonia is the leading cause of death amongst Chinese children, accounting for 17 per cent of deaths in under-5s, according to a new study.
But the number of children in China who die before reaching the age of five has dropped by 70 per cent since 1990 from 6.5 per cent of live births to 1.9 per cent.
The team predicts that complications caused by premature birth will soon become the leading cause of childhood death in China as increased access to hospital treatment cuts the number of deaths from pneumonia.
The research, published in the
Lancet journal, is the first to make detailed Chinese health information available in the English language.
The study, led by the University of Edinburgh, was made possible by the recent digitisation of Chinese health research reports. They are now available through searchable electronic databases, which make them accessible to international health research community.
The international team of researchers now hope to focus on the reasons behind the reduction in mortality rates and they will investigate the role of factors such as increased access to healthcare, public education, increased personal wealth and the one child per family policy.
China is home to 15 per cent of the world's children, but until recently information on child, infant and newborn mortality was not easily accessible to researchers outside the country and was not included in global estimates of childhood disease.