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Particular HIV Subtype Could Cause Dementia, Says Study
Writing about their findings in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases, the researchers claimed that theirs is the first study to have shown that the specific type of HIV has any effect on cognitive impairment, one of the most common complications of uncontrolled HIV infection.
In their study report, the researchers highlight the fact that HIV occurs in multiple forms, distinguished by small differences in the virus' genetic sequence and designated by letters A through K.
They point out that certain subtypes appear to cluster in particular areas of the world, which others have been associated with different rates of progression to full blown AIDS.
They also revealed that the majority of the 35 million HIV-infected people worldwide live in sub-Saharan Africa, where subtypes A, C and D dominate.
According to them, nearly half of patients with advanced HIV infections have at least mild cognitive impairments, and about 5 percent have the severe form of cognitive impairment, known as dementia.
Dr. Ned Sacktor, professor of neurology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and a clinician at the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, previously found that about 31 percent of patients visiting an infectious disease clinic in the Ugandan capital, Kampala, where subtypes A and D dominate, had dementia.
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