The fear of falling is likely to lead to future falls among older people, irrespective of their actual fall risk, a new study has found.
This indicates that measures of both actual and perceived fall risk should be included in fall risk assessments to help tailor interventions for preventing falls in older people, say the authors.
Fear of falling is common in older people and is associated with poor balance, anxiety, depression and falls. But the problem of irrational fear has been neglected in the scientific literature.
So a team of researchers from Australia and Belgium set out to improve their understanding of fear of falling and its impact on the risk of falls.
Five hundred people, aged 70 to 90 years, living in Sydney took part in the study and underwent an extensive medical and neuropsychological assessment. Actual and perceived fall risks were then estimated using recognised scoring scales and participants were followed up monthly over a one-year period.
The researchers found that both actual fall risk and perceived fall risk independently contribute to a person's future fall risk.
Further analysis was then used to split the sample into four groups based on the disparity between actual and perceived risk.
Most people had an accurate perception of their fall risk. Those in the "vigorous" group (low actual and low perceived fall risk) were considered at low risk of future significant falls, while those in the "aware" group (high actual and high perceived fall risk) were considered at high risk of future significant falls.