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Now, Robots That Monitor Autistic Kids' Emotional State | |
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"There is a lot of research going on around the world today trying to use robots to treat children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). It has shown that the children are attracted to robots, raising the promise that appropriately designed robots could play an important role in their treatment," says Nilanjan Sarkar, associate professor of mechanical engineering at Vanderbilt University.
"However, the efforts so far have been quite limited because they haven't had a way to monitor the emotional state of the children, which would allow the robot to respond automatically to their reactions," Sarkar added.
Over the last five years, Sarkar has developed a method that uses physiological measurements, including heart rate, galvanic skin response, temperature and muscle response, to monitor the emotional state of individuals.
His original motivation was to improve human-robot interactions. However, when his nephew was diagnosed with autism, Sarkar got the idea of applying the technique to aid children with ASD.
Sarkar teamed-up with Wendy Stone, professor of paediatrics and investigator at Vanderbilt's Kennedy Center, to develop this new approach.
In a study of six teenagers with ASD, Sarkar attached a battery of physiological sensors to the participants and let play Pong or Nerf basketball with his robot.
He found the physiological data gathered could be used to develop an affective model for each individual that was able to predict emotional states of liking, anxiety and engagement with an accuracy of better than 80 per cent.
Furthermore, he found that this information can be used in real time to alter the game configuration in ways that significantly increase the children's degree of engagement.
"Children with autism are not necessarily giving the kind of emotional cues that we know how to read. They are not necessarily good reporters of their inner feelings. If we know that the child is becoming upset or anxious, then we can help the child identify his or her own emotional state and implement strategies for monitoring and control. It is a concrete way to help them identify their own feelings," Stone said.
Sarkar and Stone published two papers - one in the IEEE Transactions on Robotics and one in the International Journal of Human-Computer Studies.
Source-ANI
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