The current tools are not enough to control tuberculosis
epidemic. The 2009 World Health Organization (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Control
Report says that the incidence of TB per capita continues to go down since 2004
however the decline is just one per cent per year which implies that TB will
not be eliminated for centuries if we conduct 'business as usual'.
The existing BCG vaccine which came into the market in 1921,
has limited effectiveness in preventing people from TB. Further, the BCG vaccine
which is used to prevent childhood TB may not be safe for children living with
HIV. That is why Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation and other agencies
including Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation are pushing hard to accelerate
research and development of safe and effective TB vaccines.
Currently there are seven vaccine candidate products in
different stages of the research pipeline around the world.
One phase-III clinical trial in Tanzania which was sponsored
by a US University, studied adults who were living with HIV, to see if there
was any reduction in disseminated TB in that population. The promising results
were announced in October 2008. "Aeras' vaccine advisory committee has
looked at this vaccine as a first step. Aeras is providing our manufacturing
expertise to see if it can be made at a larger scale" said Peg Willingham,
Senior Director, External Affairs, Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation.
"In our research pipeline at Aeras we have six vaccine
candidate products" shares Peg Willingham.