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New Treatment Option to Cure Drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB)
A study from Peru, between 1999 and 2002, demonstrated that more than 60 percent of XDR-TB patients not co-infected with HIV were cured after a personalized treatment.
Previous studied led by an international team of researchers had already shown that aggressive, outpatient treatment could cure multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), which is resistant to two first-line anti-TB drugs.
In the present study, Peru researchers used a similar protocol for XDR-TB caused by bacteria that are resistant not only to the same first-line anti-TB drugs, but also to the two most important second-line drug classes.
A total of 810 patients with tuberculosis were referred for free individualized drug treatment and additional services as needed, including surgery, adverse-event management, and nutritional and psychological support.
Sputum culture and drug-susceptibility testing results, performed at the Massachusetts State Laboratory Institute in Boston, were available for 651 patients.
Based on susceptibility results for 12 anti-TB drugs, clinicians developed regimens that included five or more drugs to which the infecting strains were likely to respond.
Among the study participants, forty-eight patients had XDR-TB, 603 had MDR-TB and none of the XDR-TB patients were co-infected with the HIV virus.
The researchers found that 60.4 percent in the XDR-TB group and 66.3 percent in MDR-TB group were cured with the treatment.
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