Age, condition and treatment delay are among the reasons women who undergo angioplasty for heart attack often do not fare as well as do men, according to two studies presented today at the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) 32nd Annual Scientific Sessions. These studies, which are among the first to document outcomes in female patients treated with angioplasty and stenting for a heart attack, may help close the outcome gap between women and men.
The studies found, when compared with their male counterparts, women undergoing angioplasty for heart attack are often older (by an average of nine years), in poorer condition (such as suffering from diabetes) and have a longer onset due to delayed recognition of symptoms by both patients and their caregivers. In addition, women are less likely to develop brisk blood flow through the treated artery after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). As a result, women face twice the likelihood of procedural failure and an increased risk of death, according to the studies.
The studies show many people do not understand that female heart attack patients often present differently than men. Although women, like men, can experience chest pain or discomfort during a heart attack, women are somewhat more likely to have other symptoms instead, such as shortness of breath, nausea/vomiting and back or jaw pain.
"Women who have chest pain due to a heart attack often attribute it to other reasons and, therefore, come to the hospital later than men," said Itsik Ben-Dor, M.D., an interventional cardiology fellow at Washington Hospital Center in Rockville, MD. "The procedure is harder and the success rate is lower in women partly because the time is longer from the onset of symptoms to treatment with PCI."