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New Drug To Turn On Tumor Supressor Gene In Thyroid Cancer Cells
According to the researchers, few other cancer drugs have this property.
Describing their study in the journal Cancer Research, the researchers said that RS5444, being tested in a Phase 1/2 clinical trial to treat anaplastic thyroid cancer, might be useful for treating other cancers.
The agent is also known as CS-7017, according to their report.
Previous studied had already shown that RS5444 binds to a protein known as PPAR-gamma, a transcriptional factor that increases the expression of many genes.
The researchers said that past research had shown that human anaplastic thyroid tumour cells treated with RS5444 expressed a protein known as p21, which inhibited cell replication and tumour growth.
However, they added, the underlying factor behind that effect was unknown.
The team claimed that they had discovered that the agent actually forces PPAR-gamma to turn on the RhoB tumour suppressor gene, which in turn induces p21 expression.
"This is very unusual. Drugs typically target genes and proteins that are over-expressed and turn them off. We found that RS5444 turns on a valuable tumour suppressor gene. We rarely find a drug that can take a suppressed gene and cause it to be re-expressed," says the study's lead investigator, Dr. John Copland, a cancer biologist at the Mayo Clinic campus at Jacksonville.
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