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London Congestion Charge: “Modest Benefit” on Pollution Levels and Life Expectancy
Extending it more widely and directly tackling vehicle emissions may see greater benefits for public health, say the authors.
The Mayor of London introduced the vehicle levy in designated areas five years ago this month, in a bid to ease traffic in central London during working hours. The Congestion Charge Zone originally covered an area of 21 km2, and a resident population of 200,000 people. It was subsequently extended west to a much larger area last year.
The researchers focused on the original zone, and assessed the impacts of air pollution on health within the zone and across London as a whole.
They used models of annual levels of air pollution based on measurements of changes in traffic flow across London.
They focused on nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter and the expected increase in life expectancy from reduced exposure to these pollutants.
The results showed that there was little change in pollutant levels in London as a whole. But there were more substantial falls in the charging zones.
Levels of NO2 fell the most. There were smaller falls in particulate matter levels, which the authors ascribe to the comparatively large amount that comes from outside the capital and the fact that sources other than vehicles contribute to this form of pollution.
But the changes in both pollutants were greatest in the most deprived areas of London.
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