No matter when babies start talking, a new study has claimed that infants' brains become acquainted with hundreds of words much before they start uttering them.
The report, published in the October issue of Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, describes an increasing emphasis among researchers in studying vocabulary development in infants.
The report by University of Pennsylvania psychologist Daniel Swingley was mainly focussed on studying vocabulary development in infants.
For their study, the researchers tracked infants' eye movements while they are looking at two objects (for example, an apple and a dog) and observed if the child looked at the right object when it was mispronounced.
The results indicated that the children were less likely to look at the correct object when it was mispronounced, indicating that by one year of age, children are able to recognize mispronunciations of words.
This new research in language acquisition indicates that infants learn the forms of many words and they begin to gather information about how these forms are used.
According to the authors of the study, "these word forms then become the foundation of the early vocabulary, support children's learning of the language's phonological system, and contribute to the discovery of grammar."
The researchers found that infants have a unique ability to discriminate speech-sound (phonetic) differences, but over time they lose this skill for differentiating sounds in languages other than their native tongue. For instance, 6 month old babies who were learning English were able to distinguish between similar-sounding Hindi consonants not found in English, but they lost this ability by the time they were 12 months of age.