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Human Learning Benefits From Unexpected Outcomes
The researchers said that the patients showed impaired learning from both positive and negative feedback in cognitive tasks due to the degenerative nature of their disease, and the decreased number of dopaminergic neurons.
They analysed the recordings to determine whether responses were affected by reward expectation, and asked the participants to choose between red and blue decks of cards presented on a computer screen, one of which carried a higher probability of yielding a financial reward than the other.
If the draw of a card yielded a reward, a stack of gold coins was displayed along with an audible ring of a cash register and a counter showing accumulated virtual earnings. But where the draw did not yield a reward, or no choice was made, the screen turned blank and participants heard a buzz.
"This new way to measure dopaminergic neuron activity has helped us gain a greater understanding of fundamental cognitive activity," said Baltuch, director of the Penn Medicine Center for Functional and Restorative Neurosurgery.
Source-ANI
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