A study of 25,250 patients in Germany published online today (Thursday 11 March) in the
European Heart Journal says that only half of all patients at high risk of heart disease are given correct targets for lowering their cholesterol levels.
The study investigated the way primary care doctors assessed their patients' risk factors and other health problems when deciding on cholesterol-lowering targets, and although the research focused on German doctors and their patients, the authors believe that it reflects a similar picture in the rest of Europe. They say that approximately 50-80 fewer heart attacks, strokes and heart disease-related deaths per 1000 patients over a 10-year period could be avoided if all doctors followed the example of the best doctors who adhered to the guidelines on cholesterol-lowering targets.
Cholesterol is a fatty substance known as a lipid and it is carried in the blood on proteins called low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Having high cholesterol levels (hyperlipidaemia) is a major risk factor for the development of blocked arteries (atherosclerosis) and heart disease, and, therefore, lowering cholesterol via drugs, diet and other lifestyle measures, is an important preventative measure.
The researchers found that in a survey of 907 doctors, involving 25,250 patients, just over half of male patients (55%) and less than half (49%) of female patients were assigned correct LDL targets. Patients were more likely to be given correct targets if they had a history of heart attacks, coronary artery disease, with or without bypass surgery, and diabetes. However, doctors were more likely to underestimate women's risk and assign them incorrect targets. For instance, despite an identical history with a recent heart attack, nearly 68% of men and only 60% of women were given correct treatment targets for LDL lowering.