A combination drug and the common antibiotic doxycycline allow travelers to fend off malaria with the fewest side effects in areas where the parasite is resistant to a widely accepted preventive treatment, says a new review.
Another drug, mefloquine, has the most side effects, but it might be appropriate for people who already have taken it without problems, the review authors write.
Doctors must make decisions by relying on a variety of factors, and the review does not suggest that any one approach is better than another, said lead review author Dr. Frederique Jacquerioz, a researcher with Tulane University''s Center for Evidence-based Global Health.
"The main message is that you have to take some malaria chemoprophylaxis [preventive treatment] if you go to an endemic area," she said. "It''s one of the best preventive measures we have."
Malaria is present in more than 100 countries and is especially dangerous in many tropical countries. Travelers should be especially cautious when they go to more remote areas, Jacquerioz said.
"It really depends how you travel," she said. "If you stay in the capital in a four-star hotel and have air conditioning, you''re really less at risk."
However, the situation is entirely different if you backpack in rural areas, she said.
An estimated 10,000 to 30,000 travelers develop malaria infections each year, according to the World Health Organization. Of those, researchers estimate that 150 will die.