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Familiar Scents can Bring Back Memories of Past Emotions
During the study, the researchers examined how strong memories are formed by creating new memories in the minds of mice while under sedation and monitoring their response to a memory-inducing stimulus afterwards, when they were awake.
"Our work is unique because it allows us to examine the cellular make-up of a memory, evaluate how the neurons change when a memory is formed and learn how that memory affects behavior," said Stephen Shea, Ph.D., the lead author of the study.
The researchers created memories by stimulating the release of noradrenaline - a chemical present in the body during strong emotional events ranging from excitement to fear.
Previous studies have established a link between noradrenaline and the formation of enduring memories, especially during intense social events such as mating and childbirth.
In mice and humans, the presence of noradrenaline also creates changes in the odor-processing center of the brain, called the olfactory bulb.
"When an animal forms a strong memory about another, it is reliant on odor cues and noradrenaline. Both need to be present at the same time in order for the memory to be formed. Long-term memories created under these conditions often result in a permanent change in behavior," Shea said.
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