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Dynamic Changes in DNA Linked to Human Diabetes
Evidence that dietary factors might influence epigenetic gene control in diabetes had been suggested previously by a generational study in humans, which showed that the nutritional status of the grandparent is closely linked to an increased risk of diabetes-associated mortality in their grandkids. In mice, researchers have demonstrated the crossgenerational effects of nutrition on DNA methylation status directly.
Whether epigenetic modifications could have more immediate effects in other tissues of the body wasn't clear before now. The researchers say they don't yet know whether these epigenetic changes are reversible, but they do have evidence that they might be prevented.
They were able to block hypermethlyation of PGC-1? by silencing a gene that encodes one of a few enzymes that transfer extra methyl groups to DNA. Drugs that prevent hypermethlyation might find clinical use, they say, particularly if they could be made to work only on specific tissues."There's room for this in terms of drug discovery," Zierath said.
In a broader sense, the discovery shows that we are not "victims of our genes," she adds. "It's exciting because there may be ways for us to lower disease risk if physical activity or other lifestyle factors can positively influence our epigenome and improve metabolism."
Further studies are needed to see whether different diets or exercise habits can alter DNA methylation in beneficial ways, she said.
Source-Eurekalert
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