Researchers at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in the US have for the first time reported detailed molecular snapshots of a deadly gastrointestinal virus, as it is caught in the grasp of an immune system molecule with the capacity to destroy it.
The researchers say that these images may help scientists design a more effective vaccine against rotavirus, a lethal infection that kills more than 500,000 children worldwide each year.
The discovery comes just days after the World Health Organization recommended that rotavirus vaccination be included in all national immunization programs worldwide.
During the study, the researchers mapped the structure of an antiviral antibody clamped onto a protein called VP7, which stipples the surface of rotavirus.
Their structural map reveals intimate new details about how the antibody interferes with VP7, a protein that helps the virus infect cells.
The researchers say that the information may be useful in designing a new generation of rotavirus vaccines that could be easier to store and administer than current vaccines.
Writing about the study in the journal Science, lead researcher Stephen C. Harrison has revealed that rotavirus assembles a kind of "armour" coating made principally of VP7 and a "spike" protein called VP4, as it matures inside an infected cell.