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Breast And Ovary Removal Helps In High Risk Cancer

by Gopalan T on September 01, 2010 at 7:02 AM Cancer News

BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations need not be fatal anymore. Preemptive removal of breasts or ovaries in women with the two common breast cancer genes can sharply reduce the risk of contracting cancer and dying, it has been shown.

Breast And Ovary Removal Helps In High Risk Cancer

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Women who have either of the two BRCA genes have a lifetime risk of 56% to 84% of developing breast cancer. Women with the BRCA1 gene also have a 36% to 63% risk of ovarian cancer, and those with BRCA2 have a 10% to 27% risk.

But the removal of the ovaries and ovarian tubes in women can almost completely eliminate the risk of ovarian cancer and reduce the risk of breast cancer by about two-thirds, US researchers say. Removal of breasts can reduce the risk of breast cancer by as much as 85%. Either procedure reduces the risk of dying by at least two-thirds.

Such prophylactic surgeries are believed to reduce the risk of cancer, but the new study, reported Tuesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association, is the first to show conclusively a survival benefit. It is also the largest such investigation to date and the first to differentiate the benefits based on which gene a woman has and whether or not she has already had cancer.

In the study, a team headed by Drs. Timothy R. Rebbeck and Susan M. Domchek of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine studied 2,482 women who had been diagnosed as BRCA carriers between 1974 and 2008. About 10% chose to have mastectomies and about 40% salpingo-oophorectomies, although there was some overlap between the two groups. More than half had neither procedure.

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