Body Clock Disrupted By Chronic Drinking

by Tanya Thomas on  August 26, 2010 at 10:34 AM Alcohol & Drug Abuse News
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 Body Clock Disrupted By Chronic Drinking
Chronic drinking has been linked in a recent study to the dysregulation of circadian clock genes.

Circadian rhythmicity is regulated by circadian clock genes, and animal studies have shown that chronic drinking can alter expressions in these genes.

The new study has found that significantly lower levels of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) - a molecule of RNA that helps to manufacture proteins - in circadian clock genes in alcohol-dependent (AD) patients support a relationship between circadian clock gene dysregulation and drinking in humans.

"The body's daily biological, or circadian, rhythms modulate our physiological functions and related behaviors such as body temperature, hormone secretions, and sleep/wake cycle," said Sy-Jye Leu, a researcher with the Taipei Medical University and corresponding author for the study.

"Circadian rhythms are the outward manifestation of an internal timing system which is driven by several genetic elements, what we call circadian clock genes."

The appropriate expression or regulation of these genes is necessary for any organism to efficiently "program" physiological and behavioral activities in order to ensure survival, she said.

Chian-Jue Kuo, attending psychiatrist and assistant professor at Taipei City Hospital, said: "AD is related to circadian rhythm dysfunction such as sleep problems and mood changes. This study is important because the authors used a clinical sample, instead of animal models, to look into circadian dysregulation in AD patients."

Leu said: "Previous studies had demonstrated that alcohol could directly disrupt ... neuronal transmission in the brain. This would, in turn, influence the activity of circadian clock genes and disturb circadian rhythm-related responses. Assessing the levels of mRNA offers a direct measurement of gene expression of the circadian clock genes, and we can simultaneously assess nearly all of them."

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