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Australian Campaign To Shut The Door On Coal Seams Industry
The coal seam gas industry is growing rapidly. It is charged with targeting some of the country's most productive farming land - at a time of growing concerns about food security. There are serious risks of irreversible damage including contamination of soil and water and the loss of prime farming land. The groundwater supplies that irrigate crops and provide water for livestock could also be greatly diminished. Gas fields and farming cannot co-exist, farmers assert.
Coal Seam Gas (CSG) is methane gas found in coal seams. CSG is a newer resource extracted from coal deposits that are too deep to mine economically. The methane lies in pores and cleats' in the coal seams and is trapped there by water.
When burnt, methane produces about 40% less greenhouse gas than coal. Un-burnt it is at least 20 times more polluting than carbon dioxide (CO2). The process of removing methane from a coal seam sees a large amount leaking into the atmosphere, adding significantly to greenhouse pollution.
Initial wells are unlikely to produce much gas until the coal seam has been stimulated by hydraulic fracturing (fracking). This is achieved by pumping a fracturing fluid into the coal seam at pressures sufficient to crack open the rock. This enables the gas to flow to the well more easily.
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