According to a new randomized controlled trial both aerobic and resistance exercise controlled glycemic/blood sugar among patients with type 2 diabetes and a combination of the 2 exercises did even better.
The study included 251 adults, between ages 39 and 70, who were not exercising regularly and had type 2 diabetes. Participants were assigned to one of four groups: performing 45 minutes aerobic training three times per week, 45 minutes of resistance training three times per week, 45 minutes each of both three times per week, or no exercise.
Each participant was evaluated on changes in A1c value, a number that reflects blood sugar concentrations over the previous two or three months, and is expressed as a percent. An absolute decrease of 1.0 percent in A1c value (e.g. from 8.5 percent to 7.5 percent) would be associated with a 15 percent to 20 percent decrease in risk of heart attack or stroke, and a 25 percent to 40 percent decrease in risk of diabetes-related eye disease or kidney disease.
Both the aerobic and resistance training groups had improved blood sugar control A1c value decreased by about 0.5 percent. The group that did both kinds of exercise had about twice as much improvement as either other group aloneA1c value decreased by 0.97 percent compared to the control group. The control group that did not exercise had no change in A1c value.