As for the threat of malaria epidemic, the report observed that increased rain, even in short downpours, warmer temperatures and humidity create a perfect storm for the spread of the Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria. Rising temperatures can extend the range and elevation of mosquito populations, as well as halving incubation periods, it said.
More disconcerting still, the seasonal transmission period may also increase, effectively increasing average per capita exposure to malarial infection by 16-28 per cent. Currently, malaria claims around one million lives annually, of which over 90 per cent of them are in Africa. Besides, worldwide some 800,000 die as a result of malaria each year, making it the third largest killer of children.
Beyond these figures, the report notes, malaria causes immense suffering, robs people of opportunities in education, employment and production, and forces people to spend their limited resources on palliative treatment.
On a broader perspective, it says that climate change is likely to have major implications for human health in the 21
st century. Many of the emerging risks for public health will be concentrated in developing countries where poor health is already a major source of human suffering and poverty and where public health systems lack the resources (human and financial) to manage new threats. An obvious danger is that climate change under these conditions will exacerbate already extreme global inequalities in public health, it has warned.
The report also gives a wake up call to public health administrators globally. Calling upon Governments in the development world to respond to the public health threats posed by climate change, it puts the onus on advanced nations saying: The starting point of action is the recognition that rich countries themselves carry much of the historic responsibility for the threats now facing the developing world.
Source-Medindia
SK/P