Life Expectancy and Mortality

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Child Mortality

  Since stillbirths are often underestimated while monitoring child mortality rate, an appropriate care is needed for avoiding stillbirths.

  In low-income countries neonatal mortality accounts for a large proportion of child deaths. Child mortality rates are also important to understand public health in which 20% of deaths occurred especially in children less than 5 years old.



  These death data are derived from WHO report wherever death-registration have been done properly. But for countries without such data - poor quality, household surveys and censuses are used for this purpose.

  Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (IGME) carries out annual updates of estimates for infant and child mortality for UNICEF, WHO and other international agencies and it monitors MDG target also.

The indicators of life expectancy and mortality

Member State Life Expectancy at Birth(years) Life Expectancy at age 60(years)
  Both Sexes Male Female Both Sexes Male Female
  1990 2009 1990 2009 1990 2009 1990 2009 1990 2009 1990 2009
Range of Country Values
Minimum 36 47 28 44 43 48 12 12 10 12 12 11
Median 68 72 64 69 70 75 17 19 16 17 19 20
Maximum 79 83 76 82 82 86 23 26 21 24 25 29
WHO Region
African Region 51 54 49 52 53 56 15 15 14 14 16 16
Region of the Americans 71 76 68 73 75 79 20 22 18 21 22 24
South-East Asia Region 59 65 58 64 59 67 15 17 14 16 16 18
European Region 71 75 68 71 75 79 19 21 17 19 21 23
Eastern Mediterranean Region 61 66 59 64 63 67 16 17 15 16 17 18
Western Pacific Region 69 75 68 72 71 77 18 20 17 19 19 22
Income Group
Low income 52 57 50 55 54 59 15 16 14 15 16 17
Lower middle income 63 68 61 66 64 69 16 18 15 17 17 19
Upper middle income 68 71 64 68 72 75 18 19 16 17 20 21
High income 76 80 72 77 79 83 21 24 18 22 23 26
Global 64 68 62 66 66 71 18 19 16 18 19 21
      MDG 4  
Member State Stillbirth rate (per 1000 total births) Neonatal mortality rate (per 1000 live births) Infant Mortality rate (probability of dying by age 1 per 1000 live births) Under-five mortality rate (probability of dying by age 5 per 1000 live births) Adult mortality rate(probability of dying between 15 and 60 years of age per 1000 population)
  Both Sexes Both Sexes Both Sexes Both Sexes Male Female
  2009 1990 2010 1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010 1990 2009 1990 2009
Range of Country Values
Minimum 2 3 1 5 3 2 6 4 2 80 57 40 41
Median 12 21 11 37 27 18 47 33 20 257 217 148 119
Maximum 47 57 52 162 142 114 311 233 180 920 691 467 574
WHO Region
African Region 28 42 34 104 94 75 172 154 119 420 420 311 347
Region of the Americans 7 18 9 34 23 14 42 28 18 207 161 115 89
South-East Asia Region 22 45 29 78 58 44 111 80 57 289 248 231 167
European Region 6 14 7 27 18 11 33 22 14 215 203 97 88
Eastern Mediterranean Region 27 38 28 74 60 51 100 80 68 263 215 205 159
Western Pacific Region 10 22 11 37 26 16 48 33 19 192 144 138 86
Income Group
Low income 26 46 33 103 86 69 164 136 107 395 361 314 280
Lower middle income 21 41 29 77 63 50 112 89 69 248 210 188 140
Upper middle income 9 23 11 39 27 16 49 33 19 262 239 132 128
High income 3 6 4 10 7 5 12 8 6 160 115 78 61
Global 19 32 23 61 51 40 88 73 57 244 212 167 139
Source: WHO-2012 report
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