Background
Approximately 1 million pleural effusions are diagnosed each year. The clinical importance of pleural effusions ranges from incidental manifestations of cardiopulmonary diseases to symptomatic inflammatory or malignant diseases that require urgent evaluation and treatment.
Pathophysiology
The normal pleural space contains approximately 1 mL of fluid, representing the balance of hydrostatic and oncotic forces in the visceral and parietal pleural vessels and lymphatic drainage. Pleural effusions result from disruption of this balance
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Comments
how much it costs ?
i get the shakes, because i be in so much pain from my menstrual cycle the frist two days of it coming on.
how much amount of pleural fluid is required for cytological examination to detect malignancy in a patient having huge amount of pleuritis